August 2011 157 the possible reason is that inequity produce consequences such as negative affective and motivational outcomes especially with regard to the social exchange relations at workplace. Affective events theory aet is a model developed by organizational psychologists howard m. Page 3 honors and awards 2014 ranked 24th on the organizational dynamics top 50 most requested list for 2000 2014. As a consequence, tests of the model, as well as its applications, tend to. A survey questionnaire was developed and validated.
Organizational justice has the potential to create powerful benefits for organizations and employees alike. The purpose of this exchange is to maximize benefits and minimize costs. O 1 i 1 o 2 i 2 according to equity theory, we are interested in how much we get outcomes or o 1 relative to how much we contribute inputs or i 1. Organizational justice researchers have long debated the distinction between procedural and interactional justice. It also studies the impact of employee engagement on job performance and organisational commitment based on social exchange theory set. Such a ratio is meaningless, however, unless anchored against some standard. International journal of business and social science vol. In this article, we propose and test an integrative theory of leadermember exchange lmx that extends our understanding of the mechanisms affecting lmx and important organizational outcomes. It has page 29 been an important influence on the way moods and emotions have been studied in work settings. Affective events theory aet is primarily a framework for studying the nature, causes, and consequences of affective experiences at work. I indicate how social exchange theory is rooted in general social theory and mention a few of its main links to social network analysis and empirical network research. It significantly plays a vital role in sociology and social psychology. Later, sociologists peter blau and richard emerson further developed the theory. Forthcoming in the academy of management journalintegrating.
According to this theory, developed by sociologist george homans, people weigh the potential benefits and risks of social relationships. Social exchange theory has been applied to explain how organizational structure, such as the degree to which decisions are centralized and the level of formalization, affects perception of justice. Social exchange theory is a sociological and psychological theory that studies the social. Social exchange theory set is a theory about social behavior paradigm, namely paradigm that study human behavior continuously.
Reciprocity is a major exchange rule discussed but, cropanzano and mitchell write that the theory would be better. Louis we develop a theoretical model, grounded in exchange theory, about the process. Social exchange theory set is considered as a most influential concept in sociological concept. Social exchange theory postulates that exchange activities within an. We conceptualize social exchange elements in collaboration in innovation four types of exchange capital and social exchange mechanisms, i. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 89, 925946.
Consumers exhibit negative emotional responses when dissatisfied and this may. Poor complaint management may result in organizations losing customers and revenue. Social exchange and the norm of reciprocity blau 1964, p. Social exchange theory in psychology verywell mind. Application of social exchange theory to organizational justice. These studies suggest that social exchange variables, specifically leadermember exchange lmx and perceived organizational support pos, may mediate the effects of. Social exchange theory is a viable theoretical framework to examine rela. Justice and work motivation leeds school of business. Social exchange theory features many of the main assumptions found in rational choice theory and structuralism. Russell cropanzano vita 2017 university of colorado boulder. Interestingly, in his early writings, homans, never uses the phrase social exchange theory.
Social exchange theory iowa state university digital repository. Social exchange theory set is one the most influential conceptual paradigms in organizational behavior. The theory has roots in economics, psychology and sociology. Social exchange theory states that employees form relationships at work. As a consequence, tests of the model, as well as its applications, tend to rely on an incompletely specified set of ideas. Scholars who apply social exchange theory are able to explain many social phenomena in. Weiss georgia institute of technology and russell cropanzano university of colorado to explain how emotions and moods influence job performance and job satisfaction. An exchange theory of the development and effects of the entrepreneurinvestor relationship laura huang university of pennsylvania andrew p. Nevertheless, arguing that at this stage in the concepts development, the social exchange literature would benefit from a conceptual integration, aselage and eisenberger 2003 developed a model that deals with the relationship between pos and psychological contract fulfillment, the flip. Scholars who apply social exchange theory are able to explain many social phenomena in manner but are. The title of the article in question was the role of psychological wellbeing in job. Pos should elicit the norm of reciprocity, leading to a felt. The mediating effects of social exchange relationships in predicting workplace outcomes from multifoci organizational justice.
Promises and prospects volume 19 issue 2 russell cropanzano, jordan h. In particular, schminke, cropanzano, and rupp 2002 utilized this theory to explain an interesting pattern of results. We argue that lmx enhances job performance and organizational citizenship behaviors ocbs through 2 sets of processes. Uriel foa 19161990 developed social resource theory in the 1960s. Social exchange theory has been generally analyzed by comparing human interactions with the marketplace. In spite of diverse opinions about social exchange theory, researchers acknowledge that social exchange includes a couple of interactions to create commitment blau, 1964. Ocb is an influential outcome variable among scholars. In the next half century this theory has generated an enormous amount of new data and theory in social, crosscultural, and educational psychology, as well as in related disciplines. Social exchange theory set is one the most influential conceptual paradigms in. As such, this research contributes with a new conceptualization of social exchange by detailing the microfoundations of social exchange. Social exchange theory project gutenberg selfpublishing. We demonstrate the management of organizational justice with some suggestions for building fairness into widely used. Exchange ideology also strengthens the effects of equal opportunity and attitudes i. The mediating effects of social exchange relationships in predicting workplace outcomes.
Recently, several researchers have proposed that procedural and interactional justice can be distinguished from one another using social exchange theory. The study of the theory from the microeconomics perspective is attributed to blau. Toward a more comprehensive use of social exchange theory to. According to set, the social exchange involves economic andor social outcomes. Organizational justice and human resource management. Social exchange theory 3 social exchange theory is a broad conceptual paradigm that spans a number of social scientific disciplines, such as management, social psychology, and anthropology. Social structure, behavior, social condition, reward system, etc. The social exchange theory set has become an instrumental theory in research regarding relationships at the workplace. The paper provides an accessible entry into the literature on social exchange. While social exchange theory is found in economics and psychology, it was first developed by the sociologist george homans, who wrote about it in a 1958 essay titled social behavior as exchange. At its most basic, social exchange theory may be viewed as providing an economic metaphor to social relationships. Social exchange in the employeeorganisation relationship. Oct, 2016 social exchange theory is one of the most prominent conceptual perspectives in management, as well as related fields like sociology and social psychology. Social exchange theory posits that human relationships are formed by the use of a subjective costbenefit analysis and the comparison of alternatives.
The predictor of organizational citizenship behaviour using. Despite its usefulness, theoretical ambiguities within set remain. Pdf social exchange theory set is one the most influential conceptual paradigms in organizational. The management of organizational justice academy of. In examining social behavior as exchange, homans 1961 drew upon behaviorism to explain human behavior as comparable to the behavior of pigeons receiving rewards of corn for. Stein skip to main content accessibility help we use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. For instance, in a knowledge community like zhihu, it is common that two users follow each other and answer each others questions. Social exchange theory is one of the most prominent conceptual perspectives in management, as well as related fields like sociology and social psychology.
There are many social exchange theories cropanzano, rupp et al. The relationship of emotional exhaustion to work attitudes. Social exchange theory, norm of reciprocity, perceived. Jan 14, 2020 while social exchange theory is found in economics and psychology, it was first developed by the sociologist george homans, who wrote about it in a 1958 essay titled social behavior as exchange. Cl,r, doesnt speak to the issue of attraction or satisfaction. Russell cropanzano at university of colorado boulder. Social exchange theory views exchange as a social behavior that may result both in economic and social outcomes.
Social exchange theory proposes that social behavior is the result of an exchange process. This is an exploratory study that aims to identify the key drivers of employee engagement within the egyptian context. With regard to the second question, two recent studies suggest that answers may be found in social exchange theory. The primary research question of the study was how employees performance task performance and.
52 37 85 1225 993 78 509 871 17 591 1126 599 850 554 196 235 1490 1366 545 535 320 977 393 1318 656 1486 698 494 1183 1299 619 1120 1127 120 530 549 523 812 246 808 661 1336 752 1183